Multiple intelligence theory introduced by Howard Gardner. Eight types of intelligence are Linguistic, Logical Mathematical, Spatial Musical, Bodily kinetic, Inter personal, Intra personal and Naturalistic intelligence

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Howard Gardner introduced Multiple intelligence theory. There is a test for the age 5 to18 its Arousal it helps to understand interests and intelligence in different matters. "Intelligence is not a single entity rather distinct types of intelligence exists each of this intelligence are independent each other" Each are different from others. This theory classified intelligence into eight types. Eight types of intelligence are  1)Linguistic intelligence it refers people who can use words and alphabets in a good manners. For example writers poets etc.. 2)Logical Mathematical intelligence:-it is a skills to reason and to think scientific.special abilities in mathematics as like calculations etc.. For example scientists, critical thinkers etc.. 3)Spatial intelligence :-it is a skills forming visual images and information. For example civil engineer's ,interrail designers etc.. 4)Musical intelligence :-it is ability to sense rhythm and arrange...
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HOW SIXTEEN PERSONALITY FACTOR QUESTIONNAIRE IS HELPFUL TO UNDERSTAND YOUR MENTAL PROBLEMS ?

Personality Assessment is a proficiency in professional psychology that involves the administration, scoring, and interpretation of empirically supported measures of personality traits and styles in order to: Refine clinical diagnoses; Structure and inform psychological interventions; and.
Self Report :-it is a method assessing an individual's personality through asking about himself.

SIXTEEN PERSONALITY FACTOR QUESTIONNAIRE(16PF)

 Raymond Cattell took the list and removed all the synonyms, reducing the number down to 171. However, saying that a trait is either present or absent does not accurately reflect a person’s uniqueness, because (according to trait theorists) all of our personalities are actually made up of the same traits; we differ only in the degree to which each trait is expressed.Then catell proposed sixteen personality factor questionnaire(16PF).

 The 16PF provides a measure of normal personality and can also be used by psychologists, and other mental health professionals.

 This 16PF questionnaire contains 170 multiple choice questions.The personality assessment is taking on the basis of personality factors.

 Experimental data involves measuring reactions to standardized experimental situations, and questionnaire data involves gathering responses based on introspection by an individual about his or her own behavior and feelings. Using this data, Cattell performed factor analysis to generated sixteen dimensions of human personality traits: abstractedness, warmth, apprehension, emotional stability, liveliness, openness to change, perfectionism, privateness, intelligence , rule consciousness , tension, sensitivity, social boldness, self-reliance, vigilance, and dominance. 

 This tests are mainly used in high school children's and also in adults.

 It help to measure 

 1. Authoritarianism :-it refers the characters who trying to control others.Creating a special control on others.

 2.locus of control :-it helps to find the feelings that control us.

3.Optimism:-confidence about the future or success something.

Cattell developed tools to understand the feelings and other factors which control a person it is called cattell analysis tool.


Limitation of this types of assessment :-

>social desirability 

>Acquiescence 

social desirability bias is a type of response bias that is the tendency of survey respondents to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others. It can take the form of over-reporting "good behavior" or under-reporting "bad", or undesirable behavior. 


Acquiescence response bias is problematic because the interpretation of an "agree" response is very different if respondents are asked whether they agree or disagree with the posited statement.

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